The last Monthly Pulse of 2017 brought the M3 Global Research Community into the debate over vaccination for children. In the United States, according to data from 2015 published by the Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 95% of children are vaccinated against Diphtheria tetanus and pertussis, and 92% against Measles. Vaccination is required for school attendance to encourage immunization among children, but some states allow medical or religious exemptions. European vaccination rates are high overall, with 93% being the lowest coverage for Diphtheria, tetanus and pertussis in countries like Estonia, Italy and Lithuania, and as high as 99% in Belgium, Greece and Hungary. The rates for Measles are lower in some countries, at 85% in Italy and Denmark, for example. Childhood vaccination will become mandatory in France this year. The move follows similar efforts by the Italian government, which has banned children from attending state schools if they haven’t been vaccinated. Healthcare providers both in the US and in Europe are spending more time discussing this issue with patients’ parents than ever before, due to their increased hesitancy to vaccinate their children because of such concerns as possible side effects,  potentially harmful ingredients, and religious freedom. We asked the M3 Community of healthcare professionals whether more countries follow the examples of France and Italy.